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Robocopy Examples

Copy User Profile Directory from One Computer to another, without copying junctions, recycle bins, or outlook folder in appdata.

IF NOT EXIST c:\robocopy\ md c:\robocopy
robocopy \\old-computer\c$\Users\user.name C:\Users\user.name /E /XC /XN /XO /XJ /XD "$RECYCLE.BIN" "AppData" /R:1 /W:1 /log+:c:\robocopy\user.name-main.log
robocopy \\old-computer\c$\Users\user.name\AppData\LocalLow C:\Users\user.name\AppData\LocalLow /E /XC /XN /XO /XJ /XD "$RECYCLE.BIN" /R:1 /W:1 /log+:c:\robocopy\user.name-locallow.log
robocopy \\old-computer\c$\Users\user.name\AppData\Roaming C:\Users\user.name\AppData\Roaming /E /XC /XN /XO /XJ /XD "$RECYCLE.BIN" /R:1 /W:1 /log+:c:\robocopy\user.name-roaming.log
robocopy \\old-computer\c$\Users\user.name\AppData\Local C:\Users\user.name\AppData\Local /E /XC /XN /XO /XJ /XD "$RECYCLE.BIN" "Microsoft" /R:1 /W:1 /log+:c:\robocopy\user.name-localnomicrosoft.log
robocopy \\old-computer\c$\Users\user.name\AppData\Local\Microsoft C:\Users\user.name\AppData\Local\Microsoft /E /XC /XN /XO /XJ /XD "$RECYCLE.BIN" "Outlook" /R:1 /W:1 /log+:c:\robocopy\user.name-localnooutlook.log

Only copy missing files:

robocopy C:\Source \\server\Destination /E /XC /XN /XO /XD "$RECYCLE.BIN" /R:1 /W:1

Syntax, Switches, and Options:

Syntax

robocopy   [[ ...]] []

Parameters

ParameterDescription
Specifies the path to the source directory.
Specifies the path to the destination directory.
Specifies the file or files to be copied. You can use wildcard characters (* or ?), if you want. If the File parameter is not specified, *.* is used as the default value.
Specifies options to be used with the robocopy command.

Copy options

OptionDescription
/sCopies subdirectories. Note that this option excludes empty directories.
/eCopies subdirectories. Note that this option includes empty directories. For additional information, see Remarks.
/lev:Copies only the top N levels of the source directory tree.
/zCopies files in restartable mode.
/bCopies files in Backup mode.
/zbUses restartable mode. If access is denied, this option uses Backup mode.
/efsrawCopies all encrypted files in EFS RAW mode.
/copy:Specifies the file properties to be copied. The following are the valid values for this option:
D Data
A Attributes
T Time stamps
S NTFS access control list (ACL)
O Owner information
U Auditing information
The default value for CopyFlags is DAT (data, attributes, and time stamps).
/dcopy:Defines what to copy for directories. Default is DA. Options are D = data, A = attributes, and T = timestamps.
/secCopies files with security (equivalent to /copy:DATS).
/copyallCopies all file information (equivalent to /copy:DATSOU).
/nocopyCopies no file information (useful with /purge).
/secfixFixes file security on all files, even skipped ones.
/timfixFixes file times on all files, even skipped ones.
/purgeDeletes destination files and directories that no longer exist in the source. For additional information, see Remarks.
/mirMirrors a directory tree (equivalent to /e plus /purge). For additional information, see Remarks.
/movMoves files, and deletes them from the source after they are copied.
/moveMoves files and directories, and deletes them from the source after they are copied.
/a+:[RASHCNET]Adds the specified attributes to copied files.
/a-:[RASHCNET]Removes the specified attributes from copied files.
/createCreates a directory tree and zero-length files only.
/fatCreates destination files by using 8.3 character-length FAT file names only.
/256Turns off support for very long paths (longer than 256 characters).
/mon:Monitors the source, and runs again when more than N changes are detected.
/mot:Monitors source, and runs again in M minutes if changes are detected.
/MT[:N]Creates multi-threaded copies with N threads. N must be an integer between 1 and 128. The default value for N is 8.
The /MT parameter cannot be used with the /IPG and /EFSRAW parameters.
Redirect output using /LOG option for better performance.
Note: The /MT parameter applies to Windows Server 2008 R2 and Windows 7.
/rh:hhmm-hhmmSpecifies run times when new copies may be started.
/pfChecks run times on a per-file (not per-pass) basis.
/ipg:nSpecifies the inter-packet gap to free bandwidth on slow lines.
/slDon’t follow symbolic links and instead create a copy of the link.

 Important

When using the /SECFIX copy option, specify the type of security information you want to copy by also using one of these additional copy options:

  • /COPYALL
  • /COPY:O
  • /COPY:S
  • /COPY:U
  • /SEC

File selection options

OptionDescription
/aCopies only files for which the Archive attribute is set.
/mCopies only files for which the Archive attribute is set, and resets the Archive attribute.
/ia:[RASHCNETO]Includes only files for which any of the specified attributes are set.
/xa:[RASHCNETO]Excludes files for which any of the specified attributes are set.
/xf [ …]Excludes files that match the specified names or paths. Note that FileName can include wildcard characters (* and ?).
/xd [ …]Excludes directories that match the specified names and paths.
/xcExcludes changed files.
/xnExcludes newer files.
/xoExcludes older files.
/xxExcludes extra files and directories.
/xlExcludes “lonely” files and directories.
/isIncludes the same files.
/itIncludes “tweaked” files.
/max:Specifies the maximum file size (to exclude files bigger than N bytes).
/min:Specifies the minimum file size (to exclude files smaller than N bytes).
/maxage:Specifies the maximum file age (to exclude files older than N days or date).
/minage:Specifies the minimum file age (exclude files newer than N days or date).
/maxlad:Specifies the maximum last access date (excludes files unused since N).
/minlad:Specifies the minimum last access date (excludes files used since N) If N is less than 1900, N specifies the number of days. Otherwise, N specifies a date in the format YYYYMMDD.
/xjExcludes junction points, which are normally included by default.
/fftAssumes FAT file times (two-second precision).
/dstCompensates for one-hour DST time differences.
/xjdExcludes junction points for directories.
/xjfExcludes junction points for files.

Retry options

OptionDescription
/r:Specifies the number of retries on failed copies. The default value of N is 1,000,000 (one million retries).
/w:Specifies the wait time between retries, in seconds. The default value of N is 30 (wait time 30 seconds).
/regSaves the values specified in the /r and /w options as default settings in the registry.
/tbdSpecifies that the system will wait for share names to be defined (retry error 67).

Logging options

OptionDescription
/lSpecifies that files are to be listed only (and not copied, deleted, or time stamped).
/xReports all extra files, not just those that are selected.
/vProduces verbose output, and shows all skipped files.
/tsIncludes source file time stamps in the output.
/fpIncludes the full path names of the files in the output.
/bytesPrints sizes, as bytes.
/nsSpecifies that file sizes are not to be logged.
/ncSpecifies that file classes are not to be logged.
/nflSpecifies that file names are not to be logged.
/ndlSpecifies that directory names are not to be logged.
/npSpecifies that the progress of the copying operation (the number of files or directories copied so far) will not be displayed.
/etaShows the estimated time of arrival (ETA) of the copied files.
/log:Writes the status output to the log file (overwrites the existing log file).
/log+:Writes the status output to the log file (appends the output to the existing log file).
/unicodeDisplays the status output as Unicode text.
/unilog:Writes the status output to the log file as Unicode text (overwrites the existing log file).
/unilog+:Writes the status output to the log file as Unicode text (appends the output to the existing log file).
/teeWrites the status output to the console window, as well as to the log file.
/njhSpecifies that there is no job header.
/njsSpecifies that there is no job summary.

Job options

OptionDescription
/job:Specifies that parameters are to be derived from the named job file.
/save:Specifies that parameters are to be saved to the named job file.
/quitQuits after processing command line (to view parameters).
/nosdIndicates that no source directory is specified.
/noddIndicates that no destination directory is specified.
/ifIncludes the specified files.

Exit (return) codes

ValueDescription
0No files were copied. No failure was encountered. No files were mismatched. The files already exist in the destination directory; therefore, the copy operation was skipped.
1All files were copied successfully.
2There are some additional files in the destination directory that are not present in the source directory. No files were copied.
3Some files were copied. Additional files were present. No failure was encountered.
5Some files were copied. Some files were mismatched. No failure was encountered.
6Additional files and mismatched files exist. No files were copied and no failures were encountered. This means that the files already exist in the destination directory.
7Files were copied, a file mismatch was present, and additional files were present.
8Several files did not copy.

 Note

Any value greater than 8 indicates that there was at least one failure during the copy operation.

Remarks

  • The /mir option is equivalent to the /e plus /purge options with one small difference in behavior:
    • With the /e plus /purge options, if the destination directory exists, the destination directory security settings are not overwritten.
    • With the /mir option, if the destination directory exists, the destination directory security settings are overwritten.

 

Syntax, Switches, and Options Source: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-server/administration/windows-commands/robocopy

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